This part fits vehicles with your year, make and model. Please click the Fitment tab below and confirm your engine, chassis and transmission.

Shopping for a different vehicle? To make sure this part fit your vehicle Check The Fit

To make sure this part fit your vehicle Check The Fit

Attention! This part may not fit your vehicle!
To make sure this part does fit your vehicle Check The Fit

Brake Drum - Durago - Precision balanced Castings engineered to high metallurgical standards (Part Number: BD8892)

  • Price:   $  108.03

  • Availability: In Stock

Check The Fit

  • Abbreviated Product Description: BRKDRM
  • Associated Comments: Brake Drum may or may not have additional inspection or set screw holes.
  • Application Summary: Dodge B300 1975-1977 Dodge B300 Van 1971-1974 Dodge B350 1982-1987 Dodge CB300 1978 Dodge D200 Pickup 1972-1973 Dodge D250 1982-1993 Dodge D300 1975-1980 Dodge D300 Pickup 1972-1974 Dodge D350 1981-1993 Dodge D400 1979-1981 Dodge M300 1974 Dodge M350 1974 Dodge P200 1972 Dodge P300 1972 Dodge W250 1990-1993 Dodge W300 1975-1977 Dodge W300 Pickup 1972-1974 Dodge W350 1982-1993 Plymouth PB300 1975-1977 Plymouth PB300 Van 1974 Plymouth PB350 1982-1983
  • AAIA Part Type Description: Brake Drum
  • Extended Product Description: Castings engineered to high metallurgical standards for consistent quality, strength and performance.
  • Product Description - Invoice: Brake Drum
  • Key Search Words: Replacement Brake Drum Brake Drum
  • Label Description: DuraGo(R) Brake Drum
  • Marketing Description: DuraGo(R) has a rich history in manufacturing aftermarket automotive products. The company was founded over 45 years ago and through the years has developed a diverse product offering. The DuraGo(R) Brake Drum and Rotor Program is the professional's choice for quality, cataloging and first to market applications. We take pride in our attention to detail and our reputation for outstanding quality. DuraGo(R) products are manufactured by ISO certified factories to meet requirements of fit, form and function.
  • Short Product Description: Brake Drum
  • Shipping Restrictions: Pallets are single stack only.
  • Slang Description: Drums Wheel Drums
  • UN/SPSC Description: Brake drum
  • CTO: CN
  • Emission Code: 1
  • Harmonized Tariff Code (HTS): 8708305020
  • Life Cycle Status Code: 2
  • Life Cycle Status Description: Available to Order
  • Remanufactured Part: N
  • ABS Tone Ring Included: No
  • Bolt Circle Diameter: 165.1 MM
  • Bolt Circle Diameter: 6.5 IN
  • Bolt Hole Diameter: 0.7 IN
  • Bolt Hole Diameter: 17.7 MM
  • Bolt Hole Quantity: 8
  • Brake Surface Width: 3.54 IN
  • Brake Surface Width: 90 MM
  • Center Hole Diameter: 132 MM
  • Center Hole Diameter: 5.2 IN
  • Construction: Full Cast
  • Material: Cast Iron
  • Maximum Brake Diameter (Discard): 307.09 MM
  • Maximum Brake Diameter (Discard): 12.09 IN
  • Nominal Drum Diameter: 304.8 MM
  • Nominal Drum Diameter: 12 IN
  • Outer Cooling Fins: No
  • Outside Diameter: 356.4 MM
  • Outside Diameter: 14.03 IN
  • Overall Height: 6.29 IN
  • Overall Height: 159.7 MM
  • Rust Resistant Coating: No

Product Details

Manufacturer:
Durago
Part Number:
BD8892
Manufacturer Part Number:
BD8892
Description:
Brake Drum
Long Description:
Precision balanced Castings engineered to high metallurgical standards
Part Type:
Brake Drum
Category:
Brake
Subcategory:
Drums And Rotors
Sales Rank:

Technical Details

Condition:
New
Product Fit:
Direct Fit
Weight:
34.72 lbs.
Height:
6.5"
Width:
14.25"
Length:
14.25"
UOM:
EA
Quantity Sold:
Sold individually
Qty Per Application:
2
Minimum Order Qty:
1
Item GTIN:
756632100730

Specifications

Abbreviated Product Description
BRKDRM
Associated Comments
Brake Drum may or may not have additional inspection or set screw holes.
Application Summary
Dodge B300 1975-1977 Dodge B300 Van 1971-1974 Dodge B350 1982-1987 Dodge CB300 1978 Dodge D200 Pickup 1972-1973 Dodge D250 1982-1993 Dodge D300 1975-1980 Dodge D300 Pickup 1972-1974 Dodge D350 1981-1993 Dodge D400 1979-1981 Dodge M300 1974 Dodge M350 1974 Dodge P200 1972 Dodge P300 1972 Dodge W250 1990-1993 Dodge W300 1975-1977 Dodge W300 Pickup 1972-1974 Dodge W350 1982-1993 Plymouth PB300 1975-1977 Plymouth PB300 Van 1974 Plymouth PB350 1982-1983
AAIA Part Type Description
Brake Drum
Extended Product Description
Castings engineered to high metallurgical standards for consistent quality, strength and performance.
Product Description - Invoice
Brake Drum
Key Search Words
Replacement Brake Drum Brake Drum
Label Description
DuraGo(R) Brake Drum
Marketing Description
DuraGo(R) has a rich history in manufacturing aftermarket automotive products. The company was founded over 45 years ago and through the years has developed a diverse product offering. The DuraGo(R) Brake Drum and Rotor Program is the professional's choice for quality, cataloging and first to market applications. We take pride in our attention to detail and our reputation for outstanding quality. DuraGo(R) products are manufactured by ISO certified factories to meet requirements of fit, form and function.
Short Product Description
Brake Drum
Shipping Restrictions
Pallets are single stack only.
Slang Description
Drums Wheel Drums
UN/SPSC Description
Brake drum
CTO
CN
Emission Code
1
Harmonized Tariff Code (HTS)
8708305020
Life Cycle Status Code
2
Life Cycle Status Description
Available to Order
Remanufactured Part
N
ABS Tone Ring Included
No
Bolt Circle Diameter
165.1 MM
Bolt Circle Diameter
6.5 IN
Bolt Hole Diameter
0.7 IN
Bolt Hole Diameter
17.7 MM
Bolt Hole Quantity
8
Brake Surface Width
3.54 IN
Brake Surface Width
90 MM
Center Hole Diameter
132 MM
Center Hole Diameter
5.2 IN
Construction
Full Cast
Material
Cast Iron
Maximum Brake Diameter (Discard)
307.09 MM
Maximum Brake Diameter (Discard)
12.09 IN
Nominal Drum Diameter
304.8 MM
Nominal Drum Diameter
12 IN
Outer Cooling Fins
No
Outside Diameter
356.4 MM
Outside Diameter
14.03 IN
Overall Height
6.29 IN
Overall Height
159.7 MM
Rust Resistant Coating
No

The DURAGO Brake Drum contains no remanufactured components, and is designed to operate in either city or highway driving.

Year Make Model Engine Notes
1993DodgeD2503.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeW2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1993DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD2503.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeW2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1992DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD2503.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1991DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD2503.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1990DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1989DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1989DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1989DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1989DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1989DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1989DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1989DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1988DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1988DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1988DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1988DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1988DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD2503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD3503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1987DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD2503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Front Disc, Rear Drum, w/o ABS, Power Brakes; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD3503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1986DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeD2503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeD3503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1985DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeD2503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeD3503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1984DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD2503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD3503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeW3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983PlymouthPB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983PlymouthPB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983PlymouthPB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1983PlymouthPB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD2503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD2505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD2505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD3503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeW3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeW3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982DodgeW3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982PlymouthPB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982PlymouthPB3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982PlymouthPB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1982PlymouthPB3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1981DodgeD3503.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1981DodgeD3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1981DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1981DodgeD3505.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1981DodgeD4005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1980DodgeD3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1980DodgeD3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1980DodgeD3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1980DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1980DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1980DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1980DodgeD4005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1979DodgeD4005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1978DodgeCB3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1978DodgeCB3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1978DodgeCB3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1978DodgeCB3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1978DodgeCB3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeB3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeB3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeB3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeB3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeB3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeD3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeD3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeD3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeD3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeD3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeW3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeW3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeW3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeW3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977DodgeW3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977PlymouthPB3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977PlymouthPB3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977PlymouthPB3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1977PlymouthPB3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeB3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeB3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeB3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeB3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeB3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeD3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeD3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeD3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeD3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeW3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeW3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeW3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeW3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976DodgeW3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976PlymouthPB3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976PlymouthPB3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976PlymouthPB3006.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1976PlymouthPB3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeB3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeB3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeB3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeB3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeD3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeD3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeD3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeD3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeW3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeW3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeW3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975DodgeW3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975PlymouthPB3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1975PlymouthPB3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeB300 Van7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeM3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeM3005.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeM3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeM3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeM3007.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeM3505.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeM3507.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974DodgeW300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van-L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1974PlymouthPB300 Van7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeB300 Van3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeB300 Van6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD200 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1973DodgeW300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeB300 Van3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeB300 Van6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD200 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeD300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeP2003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeP2005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeP3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeP3003.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeP3005.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1972DodgeW300 Pickup7.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van3.7L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van5.2L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van5.9L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2
1971DodgeB300 Van6.6L[Brake Drum] Rear; Quantity needed per vehicle: 2

Warranty Information

New products purchased from our store are covered by a manufacturer warranty. Other than applicable manufacturer warranties, or as otherwise provided in these Terms & Conditions, there are no warranties, express or implied for any of our products, and we specifically disclaim any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose for tires, aftermarket wheels, and tire & aftermarket wheel packages.

For other parts, we provide a limited warranty of 1 Year Warranty from the date received by the original purchaser or installer, unless otherwise specified, which covers the replacement of a defective part(s). The warranty applies only to parts replacement with same or better quaity. For such cases, a full refund will be issued to the original purchaser. A refund or an exchange of a defective part will be processed only if it is accompanied by the original sales invoice. All items must be in their original condition and must not be damaged due to incorrect installation upon return. The warranty is limited only to the original purchaser and is non-transferable. 

  1. All items are given a limited 1 Year Warranty warranty period by the manufacturer. The manufacturer will allow the parts to be covered by their warranty provided that the part was not modified by the buyer. 
  2. Under NO circumstances will our liability exceed the amount of the original sale.
  3. Products damaged as a result of abuse, misuse, improper repairs or maintenance, improper installation, alteration, or modification will not be covered by the warranty.
  4. The warranty does not cover airfreight charges, labor expenses, towing expenses, or rental car expenses resulting from installation errors. Return shipping is the responsibility of the buyer. We will not reimburse any return shipping charges incurred.
  5. All returned items must have the RA (Return Authorization) number written outside the shipping box prior to return. The RA Numbers can be obtained by creating a return from within your account. Returned items without RA numbers will not be accepted. 
  6. Our liability does not cover lost or stolen packages mailed back by the customer containing the parts being claimed under warranty. Because the customer is the shipper, he/she is the only one who can file any lost claim with the shipping company. Therefore, the claim must be coordinated and processed through the shipping company by the customer. 


Can't find what you are looking for? Try searching by one of these methods below.